Closed-Cell and Open-Cell Insulation: What’s The Difference?

While closed-cell and open-cell foam insulations serve the common purpose of preventing heat transfer, they exhibit notable differences in terms of structure, characteristics, and applications. Understanding the disparities between closed-cell and open-cell foam insulation is crucial for making informed decisions. This is particularly useful when selecting the appropriate insulation material for specific construction projects.

What is a Closed-cell Insulation?

Closed-cell insulation is a foam insulation material characterized by its dense and compact cellular structure. In this form of insulation, the individual cells are enclosed and sealed, creating a barrier impervious to moisture and air. This structural integrity results in higher thermal resistance and a more extraordinary ability to provide an effective vapor barrier. 

Closed-cell insulation is often used when a high R-value (thermal resistance) is required in a limited space. This includes wall cavities, roofs, and even under concrete slabs. Additionally, its closed-cell structure gives it better structural support, making it suitable for adding strength to walls and roofs.

What is an Open-cell Insulation?

Open-cell insulation is a spray foam insulation used in buildings to improve energy efficiency and thermal comfort. It’s composed of tiny cells not completely encapsulated, allowing air and moisture to pass through the material. This type of insulation is known for its ability to expand and conform to irregular spaces, providing a good seal and reducing air infiltration. 

Comparing Closed-cell and Open-cell Foam Insulation

1. Cell Structure

• Closed-cell: Closed-cell foam insulation is denser and has closed, compact cells. The cells are filled with a gas, making the foam rigid and resistant to water vapor and air infiltration.
• Open-cell: Open-cell foam insulation has a more porous structure with interconnected cells that are not entirely encapsulated. The cells are filled with air, making the foam softer and more flexible.

2. Density

• Closed-cell: Due to its higher density, closed-cell foam insulation is more rigid and offers structural support. It has a higher compressive strength and can help reinforce walls and roofs.
• Open-cell: Open-cell foam insulation is less dense and more lightweight. It is unsuitable for structural support but can fill irregular spaces more effectively.

3. Moisture Barrier

• Closed-cell: Closed-cell foam acts as a moisture barrier due to its compact cell structure. It is less permeable to water vapor and can prevent moisture infiltration.
• Open-cell: Open-cell foam is not a moisture barrier and can allow water vapor to pass through. However, it can still be used effectively in controlled environments.

4. Cost

• Closed-cell: Closed-cell foam insulation is generally more expensive than open-cell foam due to its higher material cost and installation complexity.
• Open-cell: Open-cell foam insulation is more cost-effective, making it a popular choice for specific applications.

Quality Foam Insulation

Whether installing closed-cell or open-cell foam insulation, Anderson Insulation has the experts and equipment you may need. You can get a technical warranty on the products used to validate their authenticity. Don’t hesitate to invest in quality foam insulation today.